Every year, over 4 million babies are born in the USA, and we want to welcome them into a safe and healthy world. Part of ensuring their well-being is aiming for a full-term pregnancy.
If your baby is born before you’ve reached 37 weeks of pregnancy, they’re considered “preterm.” In the U.S., this happens in about 12 percent of births. While you might feel ready for the baby to arrive, especially if you’ve had pregnancy issues, it’s best to hold on. Full-term babies generally have fewer health problems and shorter hospital stays. The earlier a baby is born, the more likely they’ll face health challenges. Preterm births are also more common if you’re expecting multiples, like twins or triplets.
Fortunately, a hormone called progesterone can help reduce the chances of giving birth early. Progesterone plays a crucial role throughout pregnancy. It helps your uterus grow to accommodate the fetus and prevents it from contracting too soon, which could cause a miscarriage. Additionally, progesterone helps your lungs work better to supply oxygen to your baby and prepares your breasts for breastfeeding.
Women with short cervixes (25 mm or less) have a higher risk of preterm birth. The cervix typically shortens and thins gradually before labor, but in women with short cervixes, it may open too early. An ultrasound can detect a short cervix, and if you’re concerned about preterm birth, you can request an ultrasound to check the cervix length.
Progesterone is available as shots or vaginal gel. Studies show that women who used either form of progesterone were less likely to have a preterm birth compared to those who received a placebo. One study found that the vaginal gel reduced both early and late preterm births, which is crucial because early preterm births often lead to more significant medical issues.
Progesterone shots are generally recommended for women who have previously had a preterm birth. The treatment starts between 16 and 20 weeks of pregnancy and continues until 37 weeks. These shots are safe, with no side effects other than the typical discomfort from the injection itself.
If you haven’t had a preterm birth with a single baby, the vaginal gel is the preferred method. The gel comes in an applicator similar to a tampon, and you use it once a day starting between 20 and 23 weeks of pregnancy until just before 37 weeks.
Both methods are safe and effective for women carrying one baby. However, women expecting twins, triplets, or more should avoid progesterone treatment, as it can increase the risk of problems.
If you’re interested in progesterone treatment or have questions, it’s best to talk to your doctor. They have the right information and will ensure your baby’s needs are met. If you experience any issues with these treatments, consult your doctor to make sure everything is okay with your pregnancy. Always prioritize your baby’s health.
Ensuring your hormones are balanced and your uterus is prepared to support your baby through the full term of pregnancy is crucial. The ultimate goal is a healthy baby, and progesterone can significantly contribute to achieving that goal for at-risk mothers.