If you grew up in the 90s, you might remember an endless list of TV movies addressing eating disorders like anorexia, bulimia, and binge eating. While these films raised awareness, they mostly portrayed young, heterosexual white women, creating a narrow understanding of who is affected by eating disorders.
For a long time, eating disorders were stereotyped as an issue faced by Caucasian girls and women. This belief wasn’t just fueled by the media but also by the language of researchers and health care providers who often overlooked other groups.
The reality is that eating disorders don’t discriminate—they impact men and boys too, not just women.
### Eating Disorders: Not Just a Woman’s Issue
Eating disorders aren’t strictly a female problem. They affect people of all genders, including men, boys, and members of the LGBTQ+ community. However, societal pressures can make it harder for men to speak up about these struggles. For instance, the stigma surrounding men and eating disorders often hides the warning signs, making it difficult for others to recognize when help is needed.
### Social Media and Unrealistic Male Body Standards
The way we see men’s bodies has shifted dramatically over the years, largely thanks to social media and Hollywood. On platforms like Instagram, muscular men tend to get more likes and engagement, shaping perceptions of the “ideal” male physique. Statistically, only about 37% of men worldwide match this lean and muscular look, but it’s these images that dominate our feeds.
For some, seeing these images can boost confidence and motivation to work out. For others, it can lead to anxiety, obsession, and even muscle dysmorphia—a condition where someone has a distorted body image and an unhealthy focus on becoming more muscular. Hollywood has also played a role in this shift. Decades ago, superheroes in TV shows had average bodies. Now, it’s all about ripped, chiseled physiques that are often unattainable without extreme measures.
Although there’s been progress in body acceptance for women, men are still battling outdated ideas of masculinity. Many men deny they have issues with their mental or physical health or simply don’t recognize the problem. It’s crucial to encourage vulnerability, so they feel safe seeking support.
### Recognizing Eating Disorders in Men
It’s challenging to spot eating disorders in men because they can manifest in different ways. Unlike women, for whom thinness is often the goal, men might either try to bulk up or lose weight excessively. This can spiral into unhealthy habits, such as over-exercising, binge eating followed by purging, or restricting food intake. Some even resort to abusing laxatives.
What may start as an innocent fitness goal can quickly turn into an unhealthy obsession with weight, muscle mass, or eating patterns. On top of that, many men with eating disorders also face other challenges like substance abuse, depression, or anxiety.
### Who Is at Higher Risk?
Eating disorders can affect anyone, but certain factors increase the risk in men. These include:
– A history of sexual abuse
– Childhood bullying about weight
– Participation in sports that emphasize specific body requirements, such as boxing, wrestling, gymnastics, or figure skating
– Identifying as LGBTQ+, since research shows gay, lesbian, and bisexual teens may face a higher risk of eating disorders starting as early as age 12
### Supporting Male Youth
Parents, teachers, coaches, and health professionals play a critical role in breaking the stereotypes tied to eating disorders in men. Coaches, in particular, should be mindful of the pressures they may inadvertently place on young athletes. Fostering a healthy relationship with food and body image can go a long way in preventing disordered eating.
### Treatment and Recovery for Men
Thankfully, men tend to respond well to treatment and have high recovery rates. A successful approach usually involves a team of experts, such as behavioral health specialists, registered dietitians, social workers, and other healthcare providers. Since everyone’s experience with eating disorders is unique, treatment plans must be tailored to the individual’s needs.
### Finding Help
If you or someone you know is struggling with an eating disorder, it’s important to reach out. Start by contacting a healthcare provider or the National Eating Disorders Association for support. Recovery is possible with the right help.